KGW Crystal Can Be Fun For Anyone
KGW Crystal Can Be Fun For Anyone
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The thermal conductivity of common double tungstates is of the buy to three–4 W/(K m) �?which is not bad as opposed with other laser crystals (Whilst many periods a lot less than for YAG), and rather big compared While using the thermal conductivity of standard glasses.
Down the road, an investigation within the spectral attain curve of Yb:KGW in the main amplifier are going to be done below cryogenic temperature evolution from 77 K to three hundred K. The Performing temperature is going to be controlled to appreciate broader gain bandwidth and fewer shift within the central wavelength of the most crucial amplifier.
In summary, we demonstrated that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are economical nonlinear resources for broadband SC technology inside the around-infrared and short-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by a hundred and eighty fs basic harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO created two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Examine to SC spectra generated in YAG. These elements exhibit rather related performances to YAG also concerning threshold and exceptional pump pulse energies for SC generation. Nonetheless, for what problems the possibility to work at large laser pulse repetition fee, YSO, LSO and LYSO show durable operation only at ten kHz and quickly degrade (within a couple of minutes) at 20 kHz. Apart from the somewhat very low SC era threshold (169 nJ), GGG demonstrated exceptional functionality qualities during the short-wave infrared With all the exceptional pump pulse Electricity of 464 nJ, that is two moments decrease than in YAG: the biggest crimson-shifted spectral broadening and the highest spectral energy density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that aspect.
The datasets used and/or analysed during The present analyze out there from the corresponding creator on affordable request.
]. Etalon insertion would lead to additional reduction, nonetheless, time-to-time optimization would introduce the potential risk of ingredient harm and instability for the system. A nonlinear regenerative amplifier could directly produce pulses with a length as little as ninety seven fs and a spectral bandwidth of 19 nm[
Quite a few techniques happen to be adopted to unravel this problem. An acousto-optical programmable dispersive filter is usually used to modulate the seed’s spectrum to suppress the obtain-narrowing outcome[
At last, we investigated the long-term performances of SC era in crystal samples less than best pumping disorders at higher laser repetition charges. In doing so, the crystal samples weren't translated and kept inside of a stationary posture with regard to your pump beam over the whole measurement. The illustrations illustrating sturdy very long-phrase performances of SC generation in KGW and YAG crystals at higher laser repetition fees can be located elsewhere. A lot more exclusively, steady functionality of KGW crystal at 2 MHz pulse repetition fee below very identical pump beam concentrating geometry was noted recently30, While YAG crystal demonstrated steady general performance for numerous several hours at 200 kHz pulse repetition charge Despite quite limited focusing get more info from the pump beam (NA=0.085)32. The very long-phrase overall performance assessments in LSO, LYSO and YSO uncovered gradual narrowing from the SC spectra to the very long-wavelength aspect that happened following a particular exposure time and will be attributed to your optical degradation of those supplies. By way of example, in LSO, the onset of spectral narrowing was observed immediately after (sim 20) minutes at a laser repetition amount of 10 kHz, even though in a laser repetition charge of 20 kHz, secure SC generation general performance was noticed just for approximately 2 min.
Despite the fact that BGO and LT produced the narrowest SC spectra (somewhat below one.5 optical octaves), they could be viewed as pretty attractive nonlinear elements for broadband SC technology with pumping at extended laser wavelengths. Owing to its huge nonlinearity, BGO exhibited the lowest SC generation threshold (seventy eight nJ) Among the many investigated materials, that is twenty five % lessen than in KGW and could be regarded as outstanding nonlinear product for extremely small-threshold SC generation. The noticed stable and durable hurt-cost-free general performance of BGO and GGG at two hundred kHz pulse repetition fee indicates that these nonlinear components have a possible for SC generation at even bigger, MHz, repetition prices. Also, these elements provide SC radiation with a wonderful list of parameters which can be important for purposes in substantial speed spectroscopy and imaging that use bulk-generated SC, see e.g.17,eighteen,19,twenty.
Figure 4 Beam radius variation on the two crystals whilst altering the focal length of your thermal lensing influence.
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Tungstates tend to have substantial Raman coefficients (�?Raman scattering). For that reason, they can generate sizeable Raman obtain at reasonable optical intensities. It can be done to utilize the laser crystal itself as a Raman converter.
Determine four Beam radius variation on the two crystals though transforming the focal size on the thermal lensing effect.
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